Chemical Equilibrium

Solid carbon, CaO and $\mathrm{CaCO}_3$ are mixed and allowed to attain equilibrium at T K .
$$ \begin{array}{ll} \mathrm{CaCO}_3(\mathrm{~s}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{CaO}(\mathrm{~s})+\mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{~g}) & \mathrm{Kp}_1=0.08 \mat...

Consider the following reactions in which all the reactants and products are present in gaseous state
$$ \begin{aligned} & 2 x y \rightleftharpoons x_2+y_2 \,\,\mathrm{~K}_1=2.5 \times 10^5 \\ & x y+\frac{1}{2} z_2 \rightleftharpoons x y z ...

One mole each of He and $\mathrm{A}(\mathrm{g})$ are taken in a 10 L closed flask and heated to 400 K to establish the following equilibrium.
\(\mathrm{A}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{B}(\mathrm{~g})\)
$\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{c}}$...

In a closed flask at 600 K , one mole of $\mathrm{X}_2 \mathrm{Y}_4(\mathrm{~g})$ attains equilibrium as given below :
\(\mathrm{X}_2 \mathrm{Y}_4(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{XY}_2(\mathrm{~g})\)
At equilibrium, $75 \% \math...

The values of pressure equilibrium constant recorded at different temperatures for the following equilibrium reaction have been given below $\mathrm{A}(\mathrm{g}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{B}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{C}(\mathrm{g})$
$$ \begin{...

The reaction $\mathrm{A}(\mathrm{g}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{B}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{C}(\mathrm{g})$ was initiated with the amount ' a ' of $\mathrm{A}(\mathrm{g})$. At equilibrium it is found that the amount of $\mathrm{A}(\mathrm{g})$ r...

At $\mathrm{T}(\mathrm{K})$, the equilibrium constant of
$\mathrm{A}_2(g)+\mathrm{B}_2(g) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{C}(g)$ is $2.7 \times 10^{-5}$.
What is the equilibrium constant for
$\frac{1}{3} \mathrm{~A}_2(\mathrm{~g})+\frac{1}{3}...

For the following reaction at $50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ and at 2 atm pressure,
\(2 \mathrm{~N}_2 \mathrm{O}_5(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{~N}_2 \mathrm{O}_4(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g})\)
$\mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{O}_5$ ...

Observe the following equilibrium in a 1 L flask. A(g) ⇌ B(g) At T(K), the equilibrium concentrations of A and B are 0.5 M and 0.375 M respectively. 0.1 moles of A is added into the flask and heated to T(K) to establish the equilibrium agai...

Consider the following gaseous equilibrium in a closed container of volume ' $V$ ' at $\mathrm{T}(\mathrm{K})$.
\(\mathrm{P}_2(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{Q}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{PQ}(\mathrm{~g})\)
2 moles each of $\mathrm...

For the following gas phase equilibrium reaction at constant temperature,
\(\mathrm{NH}_3(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons 1 / 2 \mathrm{~N}_2(\mathrm{~g})+3 / 2 \mathrm{H}_2(\mathrm{~g})\)
if the total pressure is $\sqrt{3} \mathrm{~atm}$...

Consider the general reaction given below at 400 K
\(x \mathrm{~A}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons y \mathrm{~B}(\mathrm{~g}) .\)
The values of $K_p$ and $K_c$ are studied under the same condition of temperature but variation in $x$ and $...

\(\mathrm{X}_2(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{Y}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{Z}(\mathrm{~g})\)
$\mathrm{X}_2(\mathrm{~g})$ and $\mathrm{Y}_2(\mathrm{~g})$ are added to a 1 L flask and it is found that the system attains the above eq...

Dissociation of a gas $\mathrm{A}_2$ takes place according to the following chemical reaction. At equilibrium, the total pressure is 1 bar at 300 K .
\(\mathrm{A}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{~A}(\mathrm{~g})\)
The standard...

The equilibrium constant for decomposition of $\text{H}_2\text{O(g)}$
$ \text{H}_2\text{O(g)} \rightleftharpoons \text{H}_2\text{(g)} + \frac{1}{2}\text{O}_2\text{(g)} \quad (\Delta G^\circ = 92.34 \, \text{kJ mol}^{-1}) $
is $8.0 \times 10...

Given below are two statements :
Statement I : A catalyst cannot alter the equilibrium constant $\left(\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{c}}\right)$ of the reaction, temperature remaining constant.
Statement II : A homogenous catalyst can change the equi...

In the following system, $\mathrm{PCl}_5(\mathrm{~g}) \leftrightharpoons \mathrm{PCl}_3(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{Cl}_2(\mathrm{~g})$ at equilibrium, upon addition of xenon gas at constant T & p , the concentration of

Consider the following equilibrium,
\(\mathrm{CO}(\mathrm{~g})+2 \mathrm{H}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{OH}(\mathrm{~g})\)
0.1 mol of CO along with a catalyst is present in a $2 \mathrm{dm}^3$ flask maintained at...

Consider the following chemical equilibrium of the gas phase reaction at a constant temperature : $\mathrm{A}(\mathrm{g}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{B}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{C}(\mathrm{g})$
If $p$ being the total pressure, $K_p$ is the pressu...

At temperature T, compound $AB_{2(g)}$ dissociates as $AB_{2(g)} \rightleftharpoons AB_{(g)} + \frac{1}{2} B_{2(g)}$ having degree of dissociation $ x $ (small compared to unity). The correct expression for $ x $ in terms of $ K_p $ and $ p...

Consider the equilibrium
\(\mathrm{CO}(\mathrm{g})+3 \mathrm{H}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{CH}_4(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{~g})\)
If the pressure applied over the system increases by two fold at constant ...

$37.8 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~N}_2 \mathrm{O}_5$ was taken in a 1 L reaction vessel and allowed to undergo the following reaction at 500 K
$$2 \mathrm{~N}_2 \mathrm{O}_{5(\mathrm{~g})} \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{~N}_2 \mathrm{O}_{4(\mathrm{~...

For the reaction,
\(\mathrm{H}_2(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{I}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{HI}(\mathrm{~g})\)
Attainment of equilibrium is predicted correctly by :

Consider the reaction
\(\mathrm{X}_2 \mathrm{Y}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{X}_2(\mathrm{~g})+\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{Y}_2(\mathrm{~g})\)
The equation representing correct relationship between the degree of dissociation (x) of $\mat...

A vessel at 1000 K contains $\mathrm{CO}_2$ with a pressure of 0.5 atm . Some of $\mathrm{CO}_2$ is converted into CO on addition of graphite. If total pressure at equilibrium is 0.8 atm , then Kp is :

For the given hypothetical reactions, the equilibrium constants are as follows :
$$\begin{aligned}
& \mathrm{X} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Y} ; \mathrm{K}_1=1.0 \\
& \mathrm{Y} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Z} ; \mathrm{K}_2=2.0 \\
& \mathrm{Z...

At \(-20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(1 \mathrm{~atm}\) pressure, a cylinder is filled with equal number of \(\mathrm{H}_2, \mathrm{I}_2\) and \(\mathrm{HI}\) molecules for the reaction
$$\mathrm{H}_2(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{I}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \r...

The ratio \(\frac{K_P}{K_C}\) for the reaction :
\(\mathrm{CO}_{(\mathrm{g})}+\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{O}_{2(\mathrm{~g})} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{CO}_{2(\mathrm{~g})}\) is :

The following reaction occurs in the Blast furnance where iron ore is reduced to iron metal
\(\mathrm{Fe}_2 \mathrm{O}_{3(s)}+3 \mathrm{CO}_{(g)} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Fe}_{(\mathrm{l})}+3 \mathrm{CO}_{2(g)}\)
Using the Le-chatelier's ...

Given below are two statements :
Statement I : On passing \(\mathrm{HCl}_{(\mathrm{g})}\) through a saturated solution of \(\mathrm{BaCl}_2\), at room temperature white turbidity appears.
Statement II : When \(\mathrm{HCl}\) gas is passed t...

The equilibrium constant for the reaction
\(\mathrm{SO}_3(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{SO}_2(\mathrm{~g})+\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g})\)
is \(\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{c}}=4.9 \times 10^{-2}\). The value of $$\mathrm{K}_{\math...

For the given reaction, choose the correct expression of \(\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{C}}\) from the following :-
\(\mathrm{Fe}_{(\mathrm{aq})}^{3+}+\mathrm{SCN}_{(\mathrm{aq})}^{-} \rightleftharpoons(\mathrm{FeSCN})_{(\mathrm{aq})}^{2+}\)

\(\mathrm{A}_{(\mathrm{g})} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{B}_{(\mathrm{g})}+\frac{\mathrm{C}}{2}(\mathrm{g})\) The correct relationship between \(\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{P}}, \alpha\) and equilibrium pressure \(\mathrm{P}\) is

For the reaction \(\mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{O}_{4(\mathrm{~g})} \rightleftarrows 2 \mathrm{NO}_{2(\mathrm{~g})}, \mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{p}}=0.492 \mathrm{~atm}\) at \(300 \mathrm{~K} . \mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{c}}\) for the reaction at same temperature...

The following concentrations were observed at \(500 \mathrm{~K}\) for the formation of \(\mathrm{NH}_3\) from \(\mathrm{N}_2\) and \(\mathrm{H}_2\). At equilibrium ; $$\left[\mathrm{N}_2\right]=2 \times 10^{-2} \mathrm{M},\left[\mathrm{H}_2...

For a concentrated solution of a weak electrolyte (\(\mathrm{K}_{\text {eq }}=\) equilibrium constant) \(\mathrm{A}_{2} \mathrm{B}_{3}\) of concentration '\(c\)', the degree of dissociation '\(\alpha\)' is :

The equilibrium composition for the reaction \(\mathrm{PCl}_{3}+\mathrm{Cl}_{2} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{PCl}_{5}\) at \(298 \mathrm{~K}\) is given below:
$$\left[\mathrm{PCl}_{3}\right]_{\mathrm{eq}}=0.2 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{~L}^{-1},\l...

For reaction : \(\mathrm{SO}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})+\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{SO}_{3}(\mathrm{~g})\)
\(\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{p}}=2 \times 10^{12}\) at \(27^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(1 \mathrm{~atm}\) pressu...

Consider the following equation:

$2 \mathrm{SO}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{SO}_{3}(g), \Delta H=-190 \mathrm{~kJ}$

The number of factors which will increase the yield of $\mathrm{SO}_{3}$ at equilibrium from th...

Consider the following reaction approaching equilibrium at 27\(^\circ\)C and 1 atm pressure
\(\mathrm{A+B}\) \(\mathrel{\mathop{\kern0pt\rightleftharpoons} \limits_{{k_r} = {{10}^2}}^{{k_f} = {{10}^3}}}\) \(\mathrm{C+D}\)
The standard Gibb...

Water decomposes at 2300 K
\(\mathrm{H_2O(g)\to H_2(g)+\frac{1}{2}O_2(g)}\)
The percent of water decomposing at 2300 K and 1 bar is ___________ (Nearest integer).
Equilibrium constant for the reaction is \(2\times10^{-3}\) at 2300 K.

At 298 K
\(\mathrm{N_2~(g)+3H_2~(g)\rightleftharpoons~2NH_3~(g),~K_1=4\times10^5}\)
\(\mathrm{N_2~(g)+O_2~(g)\rightleftharpoons~2NO~(g),~K_2=1.6\times10^{12}}\)
$$\mathrm{H_2~(g)+\frac{1}{2}O_2~(g)\rightleftharpoons~H_2O~(g),~K_3=1.0\times1...

(i) \(\mathrm{X}(\mathrm{g}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Y}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{Z}(\mathrm{g}) \quad \mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{p} 1}=3\)
(ii) \(\mathrm{A}(\mathrm{g}) \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{~B}(\mathrm{g}) \quad \mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{p} 2}=1\)...

The effect of addition of helium gas to the following reaction in equilibrium state, is :
\(\mathrm{PCl}_{5}(\mathrm{g}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{PCl}_{3}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(\mathrm{g})\)

A mixture of 1 mole of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) and 1 mole of \(\mathrm{CO}\) is taken in a 10 litre container and heated to \(725 \mathrm{~K}\). At equilibrium \(40 \%\) of water by mass reacts with carbon monoxide according to the eq...

4.5 moles each of hydrogen and iodine is heated in a sealed ten litre vessel. At equilibrium, 3 moles of \(\mathrm{HI}\) were found. The equilibrium constant for $$\mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{I}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons 2...

The number of correct statement/s involving equilibria in physical processes from the following is ________
(A) Equilibrium is possible only in a closed system at a given temperature.
(B) Both the opposing processes occur at the same rate.
...

\(\mathrm{A}(g) \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{~B}(g)+\mathrm{C}(g)\)
For the given reaction, if the initial pressure is \(450 \mathrm{~mm} ~\mathrm{Hg}\) and the pressure at time \(\mathrm{t}\) is \(720 \mathrm{~mm} ~\mathrm{Hg}\) at a const...

The equilibrium constant for the reversible reaction
2A(g) \(\rightleftharpoons\) 2B(g) + C(g) is K1
\({3 \over 2}\)A(g) \(\rightleftharpoons\) \({3 \over 2}\)B(g) + \({3 \over 4}\)C(g) is K2.
K1 and K2 are related as :

A box contains 0.90 g of liquid water in equilibrium with water vapour at 27\(^\circ\)C. The equilibrium vapour pressure of water at 27\(^\circ\)C is 32.0 Torr. When the volume of the box is increased, some of the liquid water evaporates to...